Bioactivity-guided Isolation of Phytoconstituents from Saraca asoca Seeds for Anti-asthmatic Potential

Abstract:

Objectives: It is interesting to consider biologically active substances derived from natural sources as potential novel medications for infectious disorders. Saraca asoca is an indigenous medicinal plant with lots of traditional importance belonging to the family Caesalpinaceae. As these plants have been ethno-pharmacologically claimed for the treatment of respiratory system-related disorders such as asthma, and cough, in addition, to treating inflammatory conditions. The anti-asthmatic activity is not supported by scientific research on Saraca asoca and no data is available for the anti-asthmatic chemical constituent of Saraca asoca seeds. In the present study, the scientific evidence-based anti-asthmatic compound was isolated from methanol fractions of crude extract of Saraca asoca seeds. The current evaluation attempted to assess the antiasthmatic result of repeatedly achieving Saraca asoca seeds extracts using milk-induced leucocytosis as well as eosinophilia in mice Furthermore, extracts were tested for their ability to inhibit guinea pig tracheal chain contraction induced by acetylcholine and histamine. Finally, the extracts were tested for their ability to inhibit acetylcholine and histamine aerosol-induced bronchospasm in guinea pigs. Results: In this study, methanolic extracts of Saraca asoca (SA) were finally evaluated for antiasthmatic potential, results from this study suggested that methanolic extracts of SA were most active and further subjected to column chromatography to isolate phytoconstituents. The methanol fraction was determined to be mainly composed of 2-(3,4-dihydroxy phenyl)-3,5,7-dihydroxy-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one. All the isolated compounds were subjected to phytochemical analysis and TLC fingerprinting in addition to spectral study viz UV Shift for functional groups position, FTIR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and MS. Isolated phytoconstituents were found to exhibit % DPPH scavenging, mast cell stabilization and bronchorelaxent, milk-induced leucocytosis and eosinophilia in mice activity in a concentration-dependent manner. However, further detailed evaluation of the mechanism of action of extracts or phytoconstituents of highly needed. Conclusion: These results show the methanol extract of Saraca asoca seeds shows a potential natural ingredient for the treatment of anti-asthmatic activity, which is due to bioactive compounds such as Quercetin.

Keywords: Anti-asthmatic, Quercetin, Milk-induced leukocytosis, Eosinophilia.